Improvement in brick-kilns



A. MORAND.

BRICK-KILN.

Patented Dec. 28,1875.

No.171',6Z7.

Fig. 2'.

Witnesses: Inventor:

W M dv,

N. FEYERS, FNOTOALITHOGRAPNER WASHINGTONv D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFmE.

AUGUSTUS 'MORAND, or GERMANTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-KILNS'.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 17l,627, dated December 28, 1875 application filed December 2, 1875.

[I '0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, AUGUSTUS MORAND, of Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,

formerly of Brooklyn, New York, have invented an Improved Kiln for Drying and Burning Bricks, tiles, ceramic wares, and

other similar substances, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to that class of kilns composed of two longitudinal series of drying and burningchambers communicating through transverse openings at their ends, and it is an improvement on thatform of kiln described in my patent ofAfpril16, 1872, No. 1235,8324),

/ It is the object of my present invention to produce a kiln inwhich the fire, after being ,once started, may be kept continuously burn-' ing, being transferred from one chamber to another, as occasion requires; and itconsists in the novel position and arrangement of the double, series of main hues and their connections, as hereinafter fully set forth.

Figure 1 of thc accompanying drawings is a vertical section of my improved kiln, taken on line a; a: of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan on line 2 z of Fig. 1, the fines G G, situated over the chambers, being shown in dotted lines.

As represented in the drawings, A to A are the drying and burning chambers of the kiln, which are preferably built in a right line with each other, and which are inclosed with strong well-built outer walls and arched roof, lined with fire-proof material. The chambers are separated by transverse partitions c c, in.

which air-holes d d are left, to be opened or closed at pleasure in the operations of the kiln. Each chamber is also provided with an outer doorway, through which the brick or other wares are conveyed in filling or emptying the chamber, and which are likewise closed in the customary manner with temporary w'alls of brick. In the chamber A and situated through the arched roof of the kiln, one being on each side thereof, as shown in Fig. 1. Vertical connecting fines or passages I I are formed on each side of the arch through the top of each chamber, and preferably at that end thereof farthest from the fire-places k It, so as to communicate with the flues G G, as shown more clearly in Fig. 1. The flues I I are controlled by dampers m m, arranged to be operated from the upper chamber of the kiln, as also seen in Fig. 1. The two main flu'es G G open into a common chimney, E[,at one. end of the kiln, but their communication therewith 'is controlled by suitable dampers.

The above I described features of my improved kiln form no part of my present invention, they having been shown and described in. my before-mentioned patentf'of April 16, 1872, and are in themselves Ib'ut--'slight1y modified in my present improved'form of kiln;

The chief distinguishing feature of my present invention is in the employment of a double archway, or two longitudinal series of chambers, A to A and B to B arranged together side by side, and com municatingwith each other transversely at their ends by means of draft-apertures c 0 formed in the longitudinal dividing-wall. These aperturese e are similar to the apertures dd in the transverse partitions c c, and their purpose is to form a means of communication from one longitudinal series to the other, through which the heated gases from the end chamber of one series may be drawn into the end chamber of the next, to dry and burn the charge of green brick therein contained, and form a means of establishing a continuous and circuitous draft through all the chambers of the kiln, enabling the burning to he proceeded with, as in the case of an annular kiln, yet retaining all the superior advantages of a straight kiln.

Another distinguishing feature is that the upper longitudinal flues G G are, in chambers A and B arranged to open on the same side of the chamber at J J, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 2, which brings both vertical Each archway is also provided with a separate chimney, H, each communicating with a distinct series of draft-fines, and these series are relatively reversed in position, causing the chimneys to be placed at opposite endsofthe kiln. It will also be seen that the two diagonally-opposite end chambers A and B are provided with one more of the vertical lines I I than are formed in any of the otherchambers of the kiln.

Theoperatiou of my improved kiln is as follows: The chambersA A &c., being filled with green bricks or other articles for drying and burning,and the doorways, com'municat ing-openings, a and stoke-holes being closed, fires are built in the fire-places k k, in chamber A the dampers m m controlling the opening of the flues I I, communicating with the main n-flues G G, are o'pened,and thecommnnication established in chamber A while the-vertical flues I I in the other chainbersare closed. 1 As the bricks gradually become heated, and ogiveo'fl' their lShGfiIDOI vapor in drying, this vapor is at once carried off through the flues GGyand from the positionand peculiar ar-ii :rangementof the opening into said fines on GithGIlSidOOf the crown of the arch the moistore is :carried off from all parts of the'chamj jber uniforml-y-and expeditiously. When the bricks or otheruarticles in the first chamber, A are sutficiently dried,1instead of wasting the heatktherein ibyconitinuing the draft directlywiththe chimney through theupper fillies GG, the passages II in chamber-"1x200111- municating withsaid flues,j;are opened, and, those ined' are nearlyclosed. The surplus, heatnecessarily obtainedin tiilishingithelmrningyin chamber A islrthus illtilsiZBd;iIl drying sand burning; 113116 freshycharge of bricks in wchamberaAfl -ahd this process is repeated as the ibnrning iprogresses until thelastchambcr, i a A iis reached.

a ticl'es in athisylast chamber A are sufficiently dried IthesunpIuS heat is drawn throughwgthe 1 apertures einto the adjoining chambers B; a of wtheother series to {dry thech'arge of green brickthenein contained, which is eifected by,

When the bricks oriother ar- 1 the said chambersfiandfiopposit L th 1d ertures @e 3-0, isubstantiallyfas end f witnesses. in

directing the draft into the main lines G G I thronghithe two verticalopeningsJ Jqsituated directly oppositethe apertures a e, the fine I in this chamber being closed.

It will be perceived that, as these: hues J1 are placed directlyopposite the apertures e e,

the draft through true latter is reguahand the, g j

heated gases are drawn throughthe charge of brick, so as to dry and ,burn the Sam equally lthroughout,:whereas, if the openings, werenot, i 5 thus p1aced,the burning would not bjeequal 3 in the different partsofthe chamber) When the brick "in this j-chambejrqis as;

ciently dried the heated gases produced by its burning are drawnintothe nextchambenand f this operation is repeated until the end chain-J with green ibricklin he :san e nan Gil ha was drawnsfrom Ainto Bggas ihetore-dcscr 'lihe above-described ,{process m y jibe con; I 5 i tinned (for an indefinite, period, ythendryingf 1 burning, andycool'ing o'f jthe Tbrick orddther articles in each successivercham ber oftheikiln being conducted continuonsly, regnlarlyfand y it ywris e w ewp uniformly, and

fuel. a 1 i n 1 in i What l claim ias n y m BntiQ lis -L- In adryingorJburningJkliln composed ftjwo i longitudinal series ofachan1.bers,j Aan un cet n w h ae i b i h rm e er e arem sfa h t e e th d reo h ini u s Gi 1G, B h

poses set forth:

Inwitness whereofIIhayehereun p y namc dnvth wp e c of We i ih ii ng j signed 5 

